Understanding the Results of a Colonoscopy

A colonoscopy is one of the most reliable ways to evaluate the health of your colon and rectum, often providing answers to symptoms like bleeding, abdominal pain or changes in bowel habits. The results can reveal important insights about your digestive health and guide the next steps in care. Learn what your colonoscopy results might mean in this article.

What Do Colonoscopy Results Show?

Colonoscopy results provide a detailed summary of what the specialist observed inside the colon and rectum using a flexible tube with a camera. These findings indicate whether your bowel is healthy or if further treatment or monitoring is required. Typically, results are classified as either negative or positive.

• Negative Result

  A negative result means that no abnormalities were found in the colon or rectum. This shows a healthy bowel, with no immediate treatment needed. Your doctor may simply recommend routine follow-up screening, usually in 5 to 10 years, depending on your age and risk factors.

• Positive Result

  A positive result indicates that abnormalities were found, such as polyps, inflammation, diverticula, or suspicious growths. In many cases, polyps are removed during the colonoscopy itself. If suspicious tissue or lesions are detected, a biopsy may be performed, and further tests or treatment will be recommended.

Common Findings in Positive Colonoscopy Results

A positive colonoscopy result can reveal a range of conditions. Below are some of the most common findings and what they may mean:

• Polyps

  Polyps are small growths on the lining of the colon. Most polyps are benign, but some can develop into cancer over time. In many cases, polyps are removed during the colonoscopy itself, and a laboratory analysis may be performed to assess cancer risk.

• Inflammation

  Signs of inflammation may suggest conditions such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. If detected, your doctor may recommend further evaluation or treatment to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

• Haemorrhoids

  Haemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus that can sometimes cause bleeding or discomfort. When found during a colonoscopy, they are usually managed with simple treatments or lifestyle adjustments.

• Diverticulosis

  Diverticulosis occurs when small pouches, called diverticula, form in the colon wall. This is common with age and usually harmless, though complications like infection (diverticulitis) may require medical attention.

• Colorectal Cancer

  Suspicious growths or lesions may be identified during colonoscopy. In such cases, tissue samples (biopsies) are taken for laboratory testing to confirm whether cancer is present, enabling early treatment if necessary.

Importance of Discussing Colonoscopy Results with a Specialist

Reviewing your colonoscopy results with a colorectal specialist is essential for accurate interpretation and timely care. A specialist can explain what the findings mean, outline whether follow-up tests or treatments are needed, and recommend preventive steps to protect your long-term digestive health. This expert guidance not only ensures appropriate management of any conditions detected but also provides reassurance and peace of mind.

Consult Our Colonoscopy Specialist, Dr Ho Kok Sun

Dr Ho Kok Sun is a consultant colorectal & general surgeon in Singapore. He graduated from the National University of Singapore in 1993, obtained his Master of Medicine in Surgery in 1998 and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh the same year. After completing specialist training in General Surgery in 2002, he pursued a fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic Florida and has since subspecialised in colorectal surgery. His areas of clinical interest include laparoscopic colorectal surgery, therapeutic endoscopy such as colonoscopy, and the management of anal conditions.

If you have concerns about your colonoscopy results or are considering a colonoscopy in Singapore, Dr Ho Kok Sun is here to help. Schedule your appointment today for clear answers and personalised care.