Frequent Blood in Stool: What Could Be the Cause?

Blood in stool can occur for many reasons and is not always linked to a serious condition. If it occurs frequently, however, seeking medical evaluation is important to determine the cause. A colonoscopy provides a safe and effective way to identify the underlying issue and guide treatment, helping to prevent potential complications.

Recognising the Appearance of Blood in Stool

Blood in stool may appear in different ways, each giving clues about the possible source of bleeding:

• Bright Red Blood

  : Often seen on the surface of stool or on toilet paper, it usually suggests bleeding from the lower digestive tract, such as haemorrhoids or anal fissures.

• Dark, Maroon-coloured Blood

  : Usually mixed within the stool and may indicate bleeding from higher up in the colon or the small intestine.

• Black, Tar-like Stool (Melaena)

  : This typically points to bleeding in the stomach or upper digestive tract and requires prompt medical evaluation.

Possible Causes of Frequent Blood in Stool

Not all cases of blood in stool are serious, but a doctor should always assess frequent or persistent bleeding. The cause can range from minor conditions to more significant concerns that require timely treatment.

• Haemorrhoids

  : Haemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum or anus that commonly result in painless, bright red bleeding during bowel movements.

• Anal Fissures

  : Anal fissures are small tears around the anus that cause bright red blood and are often accompanied by pain or discomfort when passing stool.

• Diverticular Disease

  : Diverticular disease occurs when small pouches (diverticula) form in the colon wall. These pouches can sometimes bleed, causing painless but noticeable blood loss.

• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

  : Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, causes chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. This can lead to blood in stool, diarrhoea and abdominal pain.

• Colorectal Polyps

  : Colorectal polyps are growths inside the colon that may bleed intermittently. Some polyps can be precancerous; therefore, regular colonoscopies are recommended for early detection and removal.

• Colorectal Cancer

  : Colorectal cancer is a serious condition where persistent blood in stool may be an early warning sign. Early detection through colonoscopy significantly improves treatment outcomes.

When Should You Consider Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is recommended when blood in the stool is more than a one-time occurrence or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms. Consulting a colorectal surgeon ensures timely evaluation and appropriate care.

Ask your doctor about a colonoscopy if you notice that bleeding is:

• Frequent and Persistent

  : Ongoing or recurring bleeding should always be assessed, as it may signal an underlying condition that requires treatment.

• Accompanied by Other Symptoms

  : If the bleeding is associated with unexplained weight loss, fatigue or noticeable changes in bowel habits, further investigation is important.

• Mixed Within the Stool

  : Dark or maroon-coloured blood blended into the stool often indicates bleeding higher up in the digestive tract and warrants a colonoscopy.

Furthermore, individuals with a family history of colorectal polyps, cancer or other bowel conditions should be especially vigilant and consider early screening.

Colonoscopy in Singapore: How It Helps

A colonoscopy is a valuable procedure that allows doctors to directly examine the inside of the colon and rectum. It not only helps identify the cause of bleeding but also plays an important role in preventing and detecting serious conditions early.

• Diagnosing the Source of Bleeding

  : A colonoscopy provides a clear view of the colon, helping doctors pinpoint where the bleeding is coming from.

• Identifying and Removing Polyps

  : During the procedure, polyps can often be detected and removed on the spot, reducing the risk of future complications.

• Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer

  : Colonoscopy is one of the most effective tools for spotting colorectal cancer at an early stage, when treatment is most successful.

If you have symptoms such as frequent blood in stool, speak with a colorectal specialist to determine if a colonoscopy is right for you.

Why Choose Dr Ho Kok Sun for Colonoscopy

Dr Ho Kok Sun is a consultant colorectal & general surgeon in Singapore. He graduated from the National University of Singapore in 1993, obtained his Master of Medicine in Surgery in 1998 and became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh the same year. After completing specialist training in General Surgery in 2002, he pursued a fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic Florida and has since subspecialised in colorectal surgery. His areas of clinical interest include laparoscopic colorectal surgery, therapeutic endoscopy such as colonoscopy, and the management of anal conditions.

If you are worried about blood in your stool, do not delay seeking advice. Schedule a consultation with Dr Ho Kok Sun, who can guide you on whether a colonoscopy is needed and recommend the most appropriate care.